Korean
수동태
수동태는 동작을 수행하는 사람이나 물체 보다는 동작을 경험하는 사람이나
물체에 관심을 보이기 위해서 사용됩니다. 다른 말로, 가장 중요한 것이나 사람이
문장의 주어가 됩니다.
ACTIVE
|
Actor
|
Action
|
Receiver
|
|
|
I
|
eat
|
a pizza.
|
|
PASSIVE
|
Receiver
|
be
|
V3
|
Actor
|
|
A
pizza
|
is
|
eaten
|
by me.
|
Action – 동작을 What
is the action? eat
Actor – 동작을
수행하는 사람이나 물체 Who eats? I
Receiver – 동작을
경험하는 사람이나 물체 What do you eat? a pizza
Active: 저는 점심을
준비했어요 = I prepared lunch
Passive: 점심이 준비되었어요
= Lunch was prepared
Active: 회사는 기계를
대체했어 = The company replaced the machine
Passive: 기계는
대체되었어 = The machine was replaced
In
English, Passive = be + V3
be is same tense as the original verb:
Active: 이 값은 세금을
포함해요 = This price includes tax
Passive: 세금은
포함돼요 = The tax is included
Active: 저는
문을 닫았어요 = I closed the door
Passive: 문이
닫혔어요 = The door was closed
We
can choose to say who does the action (the actor):
그것은 이해되었어
= it was understood
그것은 학생들에게
이해되었어 = It was understood by the students
집은 청소되었어
= the house was cleaned
집은 아버지에게 청소되었어
= the house was cleaned by my dad