Korean

수동태

수동태는 동작을 수행하는 사람이나 물체 보다는 동작을 경험하는 사람이나

물체에 관심을 보이기 위해서 사용됩니다. 다른 말로, 가장 중요한 것이나 사람이

문장의 주어가 됩니다.

 

ACTIVE

Actor

Action

Receiver

 

 

I

eat

a pizza.

 

PASSIVE

Receiver

be

V3

Actor

 

A pizza

is

eaten

by me.

 

Action동작을                                                                        What is the action?       eat

Actor동작을 수행하는 사람이나 물체                     Who eats?                        I

Receiver동작을 경험하는 사람이나 물체               What do you eat?          a pizza

 

Active:      저는 점심을 준비했어요 = I prepared lunch

Passive:     점심이 준비되었어요 = Lunch was prepared

Active:      회사는 기계를 대체했어 = The company replaced the machine

Passive:     기계는 대체되었어 = The machine was replaced

 

In English, Passive = be + V3

be is same tense as the original verb:

Active:      이 값은 세금을 포함해요 = This price includes tax

Passive:     세금은 포함돼요 = The tax is included

Active:      저는 문을 닫았어요 = I closed the door

Passive:     문이 닫혔어요 = The door was closed

 

We can choose to say who does the action (the actor):

그것은 이해되었어 = it was understood

그것은 학생들에게 이해되었어 = It was understood by the students

집은 청소되었어 = the house was cleaned

집은 아버지에게 청소되었어 = the house was cleaned by my dad